Kumartuli is a colourful neighbourhood in Kolkata, famous for its stunning idols, especially during the grand celebration of Durga Puja. The artisans here create beautiful representations of various deities, pouring their skill and creativity into each piece. However, the stories of the women who work tirelessly behind these idols often go unnoticed. While they play crucial roles in the idol-making process, women artisans face numerous challenges, including gender discrimination, economic struggles, and cultural barriers that limit their opportunities.
At first glance, Kumartuli may seem like a thriving artistic hub. The sights and sounds of artisans shaping clay and painting intricate details create an atmosphere filled with creativity and passion. Yet, the reality is starkly different for many women in this community. Women in Kumartuli work in the shadows, performing essential tasks such as preparing clay, painting, and adding final touches to the idols. Despite their hard work, they are rarely acknowledged as skilled artisans. Instead, men dominate the industry, often taking credit for the work done by their female counterparts.
One of the biggest issues women artisans’ faces is unemployment based on gender. Though many women participate in the idol-making process, only a small fraction is recognized as artisans. A study revealed that less than 10% of officially recognized artisans in Kumartuli are women. This lack of recognition limits their access to government programs, financial aid, and training opportunities. As a result, women often find themselves stuck in low-paying, informal jobs, unable to break free from economic dependence.
Financial struggles compound these challenges. Women artisans work long hours under difficult conditions, yet their pay is significantly lower than that of their male colleagues. Reports suggest that women earn 30% to 50% less than men for similar tasks. This disparity leaves many women vulnerable and reliant on male artisans for access to tools and materials. Furthermore, women are often excluded from networks that provide loans or financial support, making it challenging for them to invest in their craft or pursue independent projects.
The COVID-19 pandemic added another layer of difficulty. As demand for idols plummeted during lockdowns, many women artisans lost their livelihoods. With no safety nets in place, many turned to precarious jobs to support their families, often missing out on government assistance aimed at recognized artisans. The loss of income during this time deepened the existing socio-economic challenges, pushing many families into crisis.
Cultural norms play a significant role in perpetuating gender inequality in Kumartuli. The idol-making profession is traditionally seen as a “man’s job,” leading to societal expectations that confine women to household roles. Many talented women, despite their skills and passion for idol making, are discouraged from pursuing opportunities in the industry. There is a prevalent belief that women lack the physical strength or artistic talent necessary for sculpting, which reinforces stereotypes and limits their potential.
Moreover, the work environment is often unsuitable for women. Many female artisans labor in unsafe and unsanitary conditions, with inadequate facilities for safety or hygiene. The lack of support systems, such as childcare options and maternity leave, makes it even harder for women to balance work and family life. They often face the burden of household responsibilities while trying to pursue their craft, which can lead to burnout and frustration.
To address these challenges, we must think outside the box and implement practical solutions. First, recognizing women as skilled artisans is crucial. Initiatives that offer skill certification and training specifically for women can help them gain the acknowledgment they deserve. This recognition would boost their confidence and increase their access to financial resources and government support. By empowering women through education and skill development, we can create a more inclusive and equitable industry
Providing financial resources is another essential step toward economic independence for women artisans. Microfinance initiatives and government subsidies can give women the capital they need to start their businesses or invest in materials. Encouraging the formation of cooperatives led by women artisans can also strengthen their bargaining power. These cooperatives can provide support and create a sense of community among women, allowing them to share resources and knowledge.
Creating safe and gender-sensitive workspaces is vital for sustaining women’s participation in idol making. Reforming the work environment to make it more inclusive and safer can include introducing basic amenities such as sanitation facilities, childcare centers, and maternity leave. These improvements would help eliminate barriers to women’s involvement in the industry, making it easier for them to participate fully in their craft.
Involving women in decision-making bodies within the artisan community is also crucial. Women should have a voice in local artisan associations that regulate the idol-making industry. These associations are essential points of contact for government welfare schemes and funding opportunities. By ensuring women’s voices are heard in these bodies, we empower them to advocate for their rights and access better resources. Representation in leadership roles allows the industry to address the unique challenges women face, fostering a more equitable environment
Raising public awareness about the contributions of women in idol making is key to changing societal perceptions. Media campaigns, exhibitions, and cultural events that highlight the work of women artisans can help challenge traditional gender roles and showcase their talent. Promoting idols made by women can create demand for their work, providing them with platforms to display their skills and achieve financial independence. Increased visibility can inspire future generations of women to pursue their passions without societal constraints.
The women artisans of Kumartuli are vital contributors to the rich cultural heritage of Bengal, yet they remain marginalized and economically disadvantaged. Tackling gender inequality and economic deprivation requires a collaborative effort from various stakeholders, including government agencies, non-profits, and the community at large. By empowering these women with recognition, resources, and opportunities, we can honor their contributions and foster a more equitable idol-making tradition
It’s time to celebrate and support the hidden heroes behind the idols, ensuring their stories are told, and their voices are heard. Through collective efforts, we can pave the way for a brighter future for the women of Kumartuli, transforming the idol-making industry into a space of equality and empowerment. In doing so, we not only uplift these artisans but also enrich the cultural heritage they represent, creating a more just and equitable society for all.
